Harakeke

Harakeke, also known as New Zealand flax, is a large, clump‑forming perennial found in wetlands, riverbanks, and coastal areas.

Appearance:

• Long, sword‑shaped leaves forming dense clumps
• Green to bronze foliage, sometimes red‑tinged
• Tall flower stalks with tubular red or yellow flowers

Growth:

• Leaves reach 2–3 m long and 5–12 cm wide
• Flower stalks rise up to 4 m high
• Clumps can spread 2–5 m across

Uses:

Harakeke is widely used for weaving, shelter planting, and erosion control. It provides nectar for birds such as tūī and bellbirds.

For regeneration and restoration projects, Harakeke is a versatile native species that grows well on wetland edges, floodplains, and erodible hillslopes.  However, it is best to avoid planting on unstable banks.

Cultural & Historical Notes:

Traditionally, Māori used Harakeke extensively for weaving kete (baskets), whāriki (mats), ropes, and clothing. The nectar was also used as rongoā (medicine).